E120 - Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Introduction
This experiment (often called the "Big" Biodiversity Experiment; the "small" experiment is no longer maintained) determines effects of plant species numbers and functional traits on community and ecosystem dynamics and functioning. It manipulates the number of plant species in 168 plots, each 9 m x 9 m, by imposing plant species numbers of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 perennial grassland species. The species planted in a plot were randomly chosen from a pool of 18 species (4 species, each, of C4 grasses, C3 grasses, legumes, non-legume forbs; 2 species of woody plants). Its high replication (about 35 plots at each level of diversity) and large plots allow observation of responses of herbivorous, parasitoid and predator insects and allow additional treatments to be nested within plots. Planted in 1994, it has been annually sampled since 1996 for plant aboveground biomass and plant species abundances and for insect diversity and species abundances. Root mass, soil nitrate, light interception, biomass of invading plant species, and C and N levels in soils, roots, and aboveground biomass have been determined periodically. In addition, soil microbial processes and abundances of mycorrhizal fungi, soil bacteria and other fungi, N mineralization rates, patterns of N uptake by various species, and invading plant species, have been periodically measured in subprojects in the Biodiversity Experiment.
Key Results


Future Research
This experiment, now in its 17th year, is still highly productive, resulting in 43 peer reviewed papers during the current grant. We propose continuing our annual sampling of primary productivity and plant species abundances, and periodic sampling of soil properties, heterotroph communities, and other parameters. Among the questions that we will address in future research are:
Datasets for e120: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Dataset ID | Title | Range of Years (# years with data) |
---|---|---|
acqe120 | Developing seedheads treated with fungicide and insecticide | 2005-2005 (1 year) |
aghe120 | Fire Behavior | 1997-2014 (9 years) |
agge120 | Fire Fuel Load | 2015-2015 (1 year) |
agfe120 | Fire Severity | 2011-2014 (2 years) |
agie120 | Fire Temperatures | 2000-2014 (4 years) |
invre120 | Invasion strip root biomass | 2002-2002 (1 year) |
invne120 | Invasion strip soil nitrogen | 2002-2002 (1 year) |
acve120 | Local plant diversity and soybean biological control 2011 Aphid and Enemy Surveys | 2011-2011 (1 year) |
acxe120 | Local plant diversity and soybean biological control 2011 Harvest Measures | 2011-2011 (1 year) |
acwe120 | Local plant diversity and soybean biological control 2012 Aphid Surveys | 2012-2012 (1 year) |
adce120 | Local plant diversity and soybean biological control 2012 Enemy Surveys | 2012-2012 (1 year) |
aage120 | Main Plots All Arthropod Insect Sweepnet Sampling 1996-2006 | 1996-2006 (10 years) |
lpe120 | Percent light penetration | 1996-2000 (5 years) |
nbe120 | Plant aboveground biomass carbon and nitrogen | 1996-2006 (7 years) |
ple120 | Plant aboveground biomass data | 1996-2020 (25 years) |
pce120 | Plant species percent cover data | 1996-2007 (6 years) |
aafe120 | Plant traits | 2008-2008 (1 year) |
agje120 | Plot coordinates for the E120 Big Biodiversity Field | 1994-1994 (1 year) |
rbe120 | Root biomass data | 1997-2015 (10 years) |
nre120 | Root carbon/nitrogen data | 1997-2006 (6 years) |
care120 | Soil carbon | 1994-2017 (8 years) |
nohe120 | Soil nitrate and ammonium | 1996-2007 (7 years) |
ne120 | Soil nitrogen | 1994-2017 (8 years) |
aime120 | Soil phosphorus | 1994-2017 (2 years) |
Selected Recent Publications
Crawford, M. S., Barry, K. E., Clark, A. T., Farrior, C. E., Hines, J., Ladouceur, E., Lichstein, J. W., Mar??chaux, I., May, F., Mori, A. S., Reineking, B., Turnbull, L. A., Wirth, C., & R??ger, N. (2021) The function-dominance correlation drives the direction and strength of biodiversity???ecosystem functioning relationships. Ecology Letters. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13776 2021 e026 e055 e070 e111 e120 e123 e249
Jaillard, B., Deleporte, P., Isbell, F., Loreau, M., & Violle, C. (2021) Consistent functional clusters explain the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem productivity in a long-term experiment. Ecology, e03441. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3441 2021 e120
Wang, S., Loreau, M., de Mazancourt, C., Isbell, F., Beierkuhnlein, C., Connolly, J., Deutschman, D. H., Dolezal, J., Eisenhauer, N., Hector, A., Jentsch, A., Kreyling, J., Lanta, V., Leps, J., Polley, H. W., Reich, P. B., van Ruijven, J., Schmid, B., Tilman, D., Wilsey, B., & Craven, D. (2021) Biotic homogenization destabilizes ecosystem functioning by decreasing spatial asynchrony. Ecology, 102(6), e03332. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3332 2021 e120 e141
Barnes, A. D., Scherber, C., Brose, U., Borer, E. T., Ebeling, A., Gauzens, B., Giling, D. P., Hines, J., Isbell, F., Ristok, C., Tilman, D., Weisser, W. W., and Eisenhauer, N. (2020) Biodiversity enhances the multitrophic control of arthropod herbivory. Science Advances, 6(45), eabb6603. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb6603 2020 e120
Barry, K. E., van Ruijven, J., Mommer, L., Bai, Y., Beierkuhnlein, C., Buchmann, N., de Kroon, H., Ebeling, A., Eisenhauer, N., Guimaraes-Steinicke, C., Hildebrandt, A., Isbell, F., Milcu, A., Nesshover, C., Reich, P. B., Roscher, C., Sauheitl, L., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schmid, B., Tilman, D., von Felten, S., and Weigelt, A. (2020) Limited evidence for spatial resource partitioning across temperate grassland biodiversity experiments. Ecology, 101(1), e02905. doi:10.1002/ecy.2905 2020 e120 e141
Bennett, J. A., Koch, A. M., Forsythe, J., Johnson, N. C., Tilman, D., & Klironomos, J. (2020) Resistance of soil biota and plant growth to disturbance increases with plant diversity. Ecology Letters, 23(1), 119-128. doi:10.1111/ele.13408
2020 e120
Catford, J. A., Dwyer, J. M., Palma, E., Cowles, J. M., & Tilman, D. (2020) Community diversity outweighs effect of warming on plant colonization. Global Change Biology, 26(5), 3079-3090. doi:10.1111/gcb.15017 2020 e249 e120
Cavender-Bares, J., Schweiger, A. K., Pinto-Ledezma, J. N., & Meireles, J. E. (2020). Applying Remote Sensing to Biodiversity Science. In J. Cavender-Bares, J. A. Gamon, & P. A. Townsend (Eds.), Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity (pp. 13-42). Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2020 e290 e120 e271
Chen, X., Chen, H. Y. H., Searle, E. B., Chen, C., & Reich, P. B. (2020) Negative to positive shifts in diversity effects on soil nitrogen over time. Nature Sustainability. doi:10.1038/s41893-020-00641-y 2020 e120 e123 e141
Crossley, M. S., et al. (2020) No net insect abundance and diversity declines across US Long Term Ecological Research sites. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4(10), 1368-1376. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1269-4 2020 e014 e120 e153
Ebeling, A., Lind, E. W., Meyer, S. T., Barnes, A. D., Borer, E. T., Eisenhauer, N., & Weisser, W. W. (2020) Contrasting effects of plant diversity on beta- and gamma-diversity of grassland invertebrates. Ecology, 101(7), e03057. doi:10.1002/ecy.3057 2020 e120
Essarioui, A., LeBlanc, N., Otto-Hanson, L., Schlatter, D. C., Kistler, H. C., & Kinkel, L. L. (2020) Inhibitory and nutrient use phenotypes among coexisting Fusarium and Streptomyces populations suggest local coevolutionary interactions in soil. Environmental Microbiology, 22(3), 976-985. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14782 2020 e120
Gamon, J. A., Wang, R., Gholizadeh, H., Zutta, B., Townsend, P. A., & Cavender-Bares, J. (2020). Consideration of Scale in Remote Sensing of Biodiversity. In J. Cavender-Bares, J. A. Gamon, & P. A. Townsend (Eds.), Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity (pp. 425-447). Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2020 e290 e120
Genung, M. A., Fox, J., & Winfree, R. (2020) Species loss drives ecosystem function in experiments, but in nature the importance of species loss depends on dominance. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(9), 1531-1541. doi:10.1111/geb.13137 2020 e120 e141
Han, Y., Feng, J., Han, M., & Zhu, B. (2020) Responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis. Global Change Biology, 26(12), 7229-7241. doi:10.1111/gcb.15369 2020 e001 e002 e052 e120 e141
Jochum, M., Fischer, M., Isbell, F., Roscher, C., van der Plas, F., Boch, S., Boenisch, G., Buchmann, N., Catford, J. A., Cavender-Bares, J., Ebeling, A., Eisenhauer, N., Gleixner, G., Holzel, N., Kattge, J., Klaus, V. H., Kleinebecker, T., Lange, M., Le Provost, G., Meyer, S. T., Molina-Venegas, R., Mommer, L., Oelmann, Y., Penone, C., Prati, D., Reich, P. B., Rindisbacher, A., Schafer, D., Scheu, S., Schmid, B., Tilman, D., Tscharntke, T., Vogel, A., Wagg, C., Weigelt, A., Weisser, W. W., Wilcke, W., & Manning, P. (2020) The results of biodiversity???ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4(11), 1485-1494. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1280-9 2020 e001 e002 e014 e093 e120
Kothari, S. (2020). Blinded by the Light: The Functional Ecology of Plant-Light Interactions. (Ph.D.), University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/216371 2020 e120 e271
Madritch, M., Cavender-Bares, J., Hobbie, S. E., & Townsend, P. A. (2020). Linking Foliar Traits to Belowground Processes. In J. Cavender-Bares, J. A. Gamon, & P. A. Townsend (Eds.), Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity (pp. 173-197). Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2020 e290 e120
Qiu, J., & Cardinale, B. J. (2020) Scaling up biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships across space and over time. Ecology, 101(11), e03166. doi:10.1002/ecy.3166
2020 e120 e123 e141
Wang, C., Tang, Y., Li, X., Zhang, W., Zhao, C., & Li, C. (2020) Negative impacts of plant diversity loss on carbon sequestration exacerbate over time in grasslands. Environmental Research Letters, 15(10). 2020 e120 e131 e132 e141 e249
Yang, Y., & Tilman, D. (2020) Soil and root carbon storage is key to climate benefits of bioenergy crops. Biofuel Research Journal, 7(2), 1143-1148. doi:10.18331/BRJ2020.7.2.2 2020 e120 e248 e276
Chen, C., H. Y. H. Chen, X. Chen, and Z. Huang. 2019. Meta-analysis shows positive effects of plant diversity on microbial biomass and respiration. Nature Communications 10:1332. DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-09258-y 2019 e120 e141 e249
Grossman, Jake J. (2019). Valuing Biodiversity. Arnoldia, 77(1), 2-15. 2019 e120 e123 e271
Heinsch, S. C., Hsu, S. Y., Otto-Hanson, L., Kinkel, L., & Smanski, M. J. (2019) Complete genome sequences of Streptomyces spp. isolated from disease-suppressive soils. BMC Genomics, 20(1), 994. doi:10.1186/s12864-019-6279-8 2019 e120 e294
Kimmel, K., L. Dee, D. Tilman, I. Aubin, G. Boenisch, J. A. Catford, J. Kattge, and F. Isbell. 2019. Chronic fertilization and irrigation gradually and increasingly restructure grassland communities. Ecosphere 10:e02625. DOI 10.1002/ecs2.2625 2019 e248 e120
O`Keefe, K., Nippert, J. B., and McCulloh, K. A. (2019, 2019/07/10)Plant water uptake along a diversity gradient provides evidence for complementarity in hydrological niches. Oikos, 128(12), 1748-1760. doi:10.1111/oik.06529 2019 e120 e314
Tilman, D. (2019). Biodiversity and agriculture. In S. M. H. Gardner, Rosemary S. & S. J. Ramsden (Eds.), Agricultural Resilience: Perspectives from Ecology and Economics (pp. 39-59). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2019 e120
Wang, Ran, and Gamon, John A. (2019). Remote sensing of terrestrial plant biodiversity. Remote Sensing of Environment, 231, 111218. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111218 2019 e120 e290
Yang, Y., D. Tilman, G. Furey, and C. Lehman. 2019. Soil carbon sequestration accelerated by restoration of grassland biodiversity. Nature communications 10:718. DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-08636-w 2019 e014 e054 e120 e248
Binder, S., F. Isbell, S. Polasky, J. A. Catford and D. Tilman (2018). "Grassland biodiversity can pay." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115(15): 3876. 2018 e120
Clark, A. T., C. Lehman and D. Tilman (2018). "Identifying mechanisms that structure ecological communities by snapping model parameters to empirically observed tradeoffs." Ecology Letters 21(4): 494-505. 2018 e026 e055 e070 e111 e120 e123 e249
Craven, D., N. Eisenhauer, W. D. Pearse, Y. Hautier, F. Isbell, C. Roscher, M. Bahn, C. Beierkuhnlein, G. Bonisch, N. Buchmann, C. Byun, J. A. Catford, B. E. L. Cerabolini, J. H. C. Cornelissen, J. M. Craine, E. De Luca, A. Ebeling, J. N. Griffin, A. Hector, J. Hines, A. Jentsch, J. Kattge, J. Kreyling, V. Lanta, N. Lemoine, S. T. Meyer, V. Minden, V. Onipchenko, H. W. Polley, P. B. Reich, J. van Ruijven, B. Schamp, M. D. Smith, N. A. Soudzilovskaia, D. Tilman, A. Weigelt, B. Wilsey and P. Manning (2018). "Multiple facets of biodiversity drive the diversity?stability relationship." Nature Ecology & Evolution 2(10): 1579-1587. 2018 e120 e141
Gholizadeh, H., J. A. Gamon, A. I. Zygielbaum, R. Wang, A. K. Schweiger and J. Cavender-Bares (2018). "Remote sensing of biodiversity: Soil correction and data dimension reduction methods improve assessment of alpha-diversity (species richness) in prairie ecosystems." Remote Sensing of Environment 206(Supplement C): 240-253. 2018 e290 e120
Kothari, S., J. Cavender-Bares, K. Bitan, A. S. Verhoeven, R. Wang, R. A. Montgomery and J. A. Gamon (2018). "Community-wide consequences of variation in photoprotective physiology among prairie plants." Photosynthetica 56(1): 455-467. 10.1007/s11099-018-0777-9 2018 e290 e120
Mori, A. S., F. Isbell and R. Seidl (2018). "Beta-Diversity, Community Assembly, and Ecosystem Functioning." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 33(7): 549-564. 10.1016/j.tree.2018.04.012 2018 e120 e141 e247
Schweiger, A. K., J. Cavender-Bares, P. A. Townsend, S. E. Hobbie, M. D. Madritch, R. Wang, D. Tilman and J. A. Gamon (2018). "Plant spectral diversity integrates functional and phylogenetic components of biodiversity and predicts ecosystem function." Nature Ecology & Evolution 2(6): 976-982. 2018 e120 e290
Song, Z., D. Schlatter, D. Gohl and L. Kinkel (2018). "Run-to-run sequencing variation can introduce taxon-specific bias in the evaluation of fungal microbiomes." Phytobiomes. Accepted for publication doi.org/10.1094/PBIOMES-09-17-0041-R 2018 e120
Sullivan, L. L., A. T. Clark, D. Tilman and A. K. Shaw (2018). "Mechanistically derived dispersal kernels explain species-level patterns of recruitment and succession." Ecology 99(11): 2415-2420. 2018 e014 e120
Thompson, P. L., F. Isbell, M. Loreau, M. I. Connor and A. Gonzalez (2018). "The strength of the biodiversity?ecosystem function relationship depends on spatial scale." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285(1880). 2018 e120
Wang, R., J. A. Gamon, A. K. Schweiger, J. Cavender-Bares, P. A. Townsend, A. I. Zygielbaum and S. Kothari (2018). "Influence of species richness, evenness, and composition on optical diversity: A simulation study." Remote Sensing of Environment 211: 218-228. 2018 e290 e120
Wang, R., J. A. Gamon, J. Cavender-Bares, P. A. Townsend and A. I. Zygielbaum (2018). "The spatial sensitivity of the spectral diversity-biodiversity relationship: an experimental test in a prairie grassland." Ecol Appl 28(2): 541-556. 2018 e290 e120
Wragg PD, Mielke T, Tilman D. Forbs, grasses, and grassland fire behaviour. J Ecol. 2018;00:1?19. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12980 2018 e120
Yang, Y., D. Tilman, C. Lehman and J. J. Trost (2018). "Sustainable intensification of high-diversity biomass production for optimal biofuel benefits." Nature Sustainability 1(11): 686-692. 2018 e120 e248
Baert, J. M., Jaspers, S., Janssen, C. R., De Laender, F., Aerts, M. and Chisholm, R. (2017). "Nonlinear partitioning of biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning." Methods in Ecology and Evolution. Early View DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12804 2017 e120
Clark, Adam T., Constraints and tradeoffs: Toward a predictive,mechanism-based understanding of ecological communities. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Minnesota. 2017 2017 [Full Text] e026 e055 e070 e120 e123 e249
Essarioui, A., LeBlanc, N., Kistler, H. C., & Kinkel, L. L. (2017). Plant Community Richness Mediates Inhibitory Interactions and Resource Competition between Streptomyces and Fusarium Populations in the Rhizosphere. Microbial Ecology, 1-11. doi:10.1007/s00248-016-0907-5 2017 e120
Hungate, B. A., Barbier, E. B., Ando, A. W., Marks, S. P., Reich, P. B., van Gestel, N., Tilman, D., Knops, J. M. H., Hooper, D. U., Butterfield, B. J. and Cardinale, B. J. (2017). "The economic value of grassland species for carbon storage." Science Advances 3(4): e1601880. 2017 e120 e141
Isbell, F., Adler, P.R., Eisenhauer, N., Fornara, D., Kimmel, K., Kremen, C., Letourneau, D.K., Liebman, M., Polley, H.W., Quijas, S. and Scherer-Lorenzen, M. (2017). "Benefits of increasing plant diversity in sustainable agroecosystems." Journal of Ecology 105(4): 871-879. 2017 e120 e141
LeBlanc, N., Kinkel, L. and Kistler, H.C. "Plant diversity and plant identity influence Fusarium communities in soil." Mycologia 109(1): 128-139. doi:10.1080/00275514.2017.1281697 2017 e120
Leblanc, N., Essariou, A., Kinkel, L. and Kistler, H. (2017). "Phylogeny, plant species, and plant diversity influence carbon use phenotypes among Fusarium populations in the rhizosphere microbiome." Phytobiomes. Accepted publication 2017 e120
OConnor, Mary I.; Gonzalez, Andrew; Byrnes, Jarrett E. K.; Cardinale, Bradley J.; Duffy,J. Emmett; Gamfeldt, Lars; Griffin, John N.; Hooper, David; Hungate, Bruce A.; Paquette, Alain; Thompson, Patrick L.; Dee, Laura E.; Dolan, Kristin L. A general biodiversity-function relationship is mediated by trophic level. Oikos, 2017 doi/10.1111/oik.03652 2017 e120 e123 e141
Schlatter, D., Kinkel, L.L., Thomashow, L.S., Weller, D.M. and Paulitz, T.C. (2017). "Disease Suppressive Soils: New Insights from the Soil Microbiome." Phytopathology. Early view DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-03-17-0111-RVW 2017 e120
Thakur, M.P., Tilman, D., Purschke, O., Ciobanu, M., Cowles, J., Isbell, F., Wragg, P.D. and Eisenhauer, N. (2017). "Climate warming promotes species diversity, but with greater taxonomic redundancy, in complex environments." Science Advances 3(7). 2017 e120 e249
Davies, T. J., Urban, M. C., Rayfield, B., Cadotte, M. W. and Peres-Neto, P. R. (2016), Deconstructing the relationships between phylogenetic diversity and ecology: a case study on ecosystem functioning. Ecology 97(9): 2212. doi:10.1002/ecy.1507 2016 [Full Text] e120
Essarioui, A. (2016). Nutrient competition and coevolutionary antagonistic interactions between Fusarium and Streptomyces in soil. (Ph.D. dissertation.), University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy http://hdl.handle.net/11299/183379. 2016 [Full Text] e120
Essarioui, A., Kistler, H. C. & Kinkel, L. L. Nutrient use preferences among soil Streptomyces suggest greater resource competition in monoculture than polyculture plant communities. Plant Soil (2016). doi:10.1007/s11104-016-2968-0 2016 [Full Text] e120
Poudel, R., Jumpponen, A., Schlatter, D. C., Paulitz, T. C., Gardener, B. B., Kinkel, L. L. and Garrett, K. A. (2016). Microbiome Networks: A Systems Framework for Identifying Candidate Microbial Assemblages for Disease Management. Phytopathology 106(10): 1083-1096. 2016 [Full Text] e120
Yguel, B., Jactel, H., Pearse, I. S., Moen, D., Winter, M., Hortal, J., Helmus, M. R., Kuhn, I., Pavoine, S., Purschke, O., Weiher, E., Violle, C., Ozinga, W., Brandle, M., Bartish, I. and Prinzing, A. (2016). "The Evolutionary Legacy of Diversification Predicts Ecosystem Function." Am Nat 188(4): 398-410. 2016 [Full Text] e120
Cardinale, Bradley J.; Venail, Patrick; Gross, Kevin; Oakley, Todd H.; Narwani, Anita; Allan, Eric; Flombaum, Pedro; Joshi, Jasmin; Reich, Peter B.; Tilman, David; van Ruijven, Jasper; Further re-analyses looking for effects of phylogenetic diversity on community biomass and stability. Functional Ecology 2015 29, 12, 1607-1610 DOI 10.1111/1365-2435.12540 2015 [Full Text] e120 e141
Chen, Xiao-Yong; Wang, Xiao-Yan; Jiao, Jing; Schmid, Bernhard. Complementarity effects do not necessarily result in significant transgressive over-performance in mixtures. Biological Invasions, 2014; 2015, 17(2), 529 - 535 DOI 10.1007/s10530-014-0755-5 2015 [Full Text] e120
Clark, Adam Thomas; Hao Ye, Forest Isbell, Ethan R. Deyle, Jane M. Cowles, David Tilman, and George Sugihara. 2015 Spatial convergent cross mapping to detect causal relationships from short time series. Ecology 96:1174?1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-1479.1 2015 [Full Text] e120
Cowles, Jane M. Mechanisms of Coexistence: Implications for Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning Relationships in a Changing World. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Minnesota. Retrieved from the University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy, http://hdl.handle.net/11299/173815. 2015 [Full Text] e120 e249
Guiz, Jordan; Hillebrand, Helmut; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Abbas, Maike; Ebeling, Anne; Weigelt, Alexandra; Oelmann, Yvonne; Fornara, Dario; Wilcke, Wolfgang; Temperton, Vicky M.; Weisser, Wolfgang W.; Long-term effects of plant diversity and composition on plant stoichiometry.Oikos, 2015, DOI: 10.1111/oik.02504 2015 [Full Text] e120
Hautier, Y.; Tilman, D.; Isbell, F.; Seabloom, E. W.; Borer, E. T.; Reich, P. B.; Anthropogenic environmental changes affect ecosystem stability via biodiversity. Science, 2015, 348, 6232, 336-340 DOI:10.1126/science.aaa1788 2015 [Full Text] e001 e002 e003 e012 e098 e120 e141 e245 e247 e248
Isbell, Forest; Craven, Dylan; Connolly, John; Loreau, Michel; Schmid, Bernhard; Beierkuhnlein, Carl; Bezemer, T.Martijn; Bonin, Catherine; Bruelheide, Helge; de Luca, Enrica; Ebeling, Anne; Griffin, John N.; Guo, Qinfeng; Hautier, Yann; Hector, Andy; Jentsch, Anke; Kreyling, J?rgen; Lanta, Vojtech; Manning, Pete; Meyer, Sebastian T.; Mori, Akira S.; Naeem, Shahid; Niklaus, Pascal A.; Polley, H.Wayne; Reich, Peter B.; Roscher, Christiane; Seabloom, Eric W.; Smith, Melinda D.; Thakur, Madhav P.; Tilman, David; Tracy, Benjamin F.; van der Putten, Wim H.; van Ruijven, Jasper; Weigelt, Alexandra; Weisser, Wolfgang W.; Wilsey, Brian; Eisenhauer, Nico. Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes. Nature 2015 526, 574-577 2015 [Full Text] e120 e141
Leblanc, N., Kinkel, L. L., and Kistler, H. C. 2015. Soil fungal communities respond to grassland community richness and soil edaphics. Microbial Ecology 70:188-195. 2015 [Full Text] e120
Lefcheck, J. S., J. E. K. Byrnes, F. Isbell, L. Gamfeldt, J. N. Griffin, N. Eisenhauer, M. J. S. Hensel, A. Hector, B. J. Cardinale, and J. E. Duffy. Biodiversity enhances ecosystem multifunctionality across taxa, trophic levels, and habitats. Nature Communications, 2015, 6:6936 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7936 2015 [Full Text] e060 e120 e141
Lind, Eric M.; Vincent, John B.; Weiblen, George D.; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine Marie; Borer, Elizabeth T. ; Trophic phylogenetics: evolutionary influences on body size, feeding, and species associations in grassland arthropods. Ecology, 2015, 96, 4, 998 - 1009 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-0784.1) 2015 [Full Text] e120
Schlatter, Daniel C., Matthew G. Bakker, James M. Bradeen, and Linda L. Kinkel 2015. Plant community richness and microbial interactions structure bacterial communities in soil. Ecology 96:134?142. http://dx.doi.org.ezp3.lib.umn.edu/10.1890/13-1648.1 2015 [Full Text] e120
Schlatter, Daniel C.; Bakker, Matthew G.; Bradeen, James M.; Kinkel, Linda L. 2015. Plant community richness and microbial interactions structure bacterial communities in soil. Ecology 96:134 to 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1648.1 2015 [Full Text] e120
Smith, M. D.; La Pierre, K. J.; Collins, S. L.; Knapp, A. K.; Gross, K. L.; Barrett, J. E.; Frey, S. D.; Gough, L.; Miller, R. J.; Morris, J. T.; Rustad, L. E.; Yarie, J. Global environmental change and the nature of aboveground net primary productivity responses: insights from long-term experiments. Oecologia, 2015, 177, 4, 935-947, Germany 2015 [Full Text] e120 e141
Song, Z.; Schlatter, D.; Kennedy, P.; Kinkel, L. L.; Kistler, H. C.; Nguyen, N. Bates, S. T. (2015) Effort versus Reward: Preparing Samples for Fungal Community Characterization in High-Throughput Sequencing Surveys of Soils. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0127234. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127234 2015 [Full Text] e120
Venail, P., Gross, K., Oakley, T. H., Narwani, A., Allan, E., Flombaum, P., Isbell, F., Joshi, J., Reich, P. B., Tilman, D., van Ruijven, J., Cardinale, B. J. (2015), Species richness, but not phylogenetic diversity, influences community biomass production and temporal stability in a re-examination of 16 grassland biodiversity studies. Functional Ecology, 29: 615?626. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12432 2015 [Full Text] e120 e141
Wragg, Peter D., Human impacts on how savanna plants interact through fire, resources, and microclimate. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota. 2015 2015 [Full Text] e120 e249 e252
Beckman, Noelle G.; Dybzinski, Ray; Tilman, G. David; Neighborhoods have little effect on fungal attack or insect predation of developing seeds in a grassland biodiversity experiment; Oecologia, 2014; 174(2):521-532. 2014 [Full Text] e120
Burrows, R. L.; Glomalin Production and Infectivity of Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungi in Response to Grassland Plant Diversity, American Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 5 No. 1, 2014, pp. 103-111. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2014.51013. 2014 [Full Text] e120
Forsythe, Jennifer Ann; A field study of specificity in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, Masters Thesis University of British Columbia 2014 [Full Text] e120
Gross, Kevin; Cardinale, Bradley J.; Fox, Jeremy W.; Gonzalez, Andrew; Loreau, Michel; Polley, H. Wayne; Reich, Peter B.; Ruijven, Jasper van; Species Richness and the Temporal Stability of Biomass Production: A New Analysis of Recent Biodiversity Experiments.; Am.Nat., 2014, 183, 1, 1-12, The University of Chicago Press for The American Society of Naturalists 2014 [Full Text] e120; e141
Tilman, David; Isbell, Forest ; Cowles, Jane M.; Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning; Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 2014; 45: 471-493. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091917 2014 [Full Text] e120
Balvanera, Patricia; Siddique, Ilyas; Dee, Laura; Paquette, Alain; Isbell, Forest; Gonzalez, Andrew; Byrnes, Jarrett; O?Connor, Mary I.; Hungate, Bruce A.; Griffin, John N.; 2013; Linking Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Current Uncertainties and the Necessary Next Steps; Bioscience; doi:10.1093/biosci/bit003 2013 [Full Text] e120
Blinnikov, Mikhail S.; Bagent, Chelsey M.; Reyerson, Paul E.; Phytolith assemblages and opal concentrations from modern soils differentiate temperate grasslands of controlled composition on experimental plots at Cedar Creek, Minnesota; Quaternary International 287 (2013) 101e113; doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.12.023 2013 [Full Text] e120
Cardinale, Bradley J.; Gross, Kevin; Fritschie, Keith; Flombaum, Pedro; Fox, Jeremy W.; Rixen, Christian; van Ruijven, Jasper; Reich, Peter B.; Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael; Wilsey, Brian J.; Biodiversity simultaneously enhances the production and stability of community biomass, but the effects are independent. Ecology 94:1697?1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-1334.1 2013 [Full Text] e120 e141
Isbell, F.; Tilman, D.; Polasky, S.; Binder, S.; Hawthorne, P.; Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of nutrient enrichment; Ecology Letters (2013) 16: 454?460 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12066 2013 [Full Text] e001 e002 e120 e141
Isbell, Forest; Reich, Peter B.; Tilman, David; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Polasky, Stephen; Binder, Seth. Nutrient enrichment, biodiversity loss, and consequent declines in ecosystem productivity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2013 110 (29):11911-11916. 2013 [Full Text] e001 e002. e120 e141
Joern, Anthony, and Angela N. Laws. "Ecological mechanisms underlying arthropod species diversity in grasslands." Annual review of entomology 58 (2013): 19-36. 2013 [Full Text] e120
Kosmala, Margaret Candace; 2013; Effects of human actions on four ecological systems, with a focus on trophic relationships; PhD Thesis University of Minnesota; Digital Conservancy Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/11299/162498 2013 [Full Text] e120
Mueller, Kevin E.; Tilman, David; Fornara, Dario A.; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Root depth distribution and the diversity?productivity relationship in a long-term grassland experiment; Ecology; Volume 94, Issue 4 (April 2013) pp. 787-793 2013 [Full Text] e120
Pasari, Jae R; Levi,Taal; Zavaleta,Erika S; Tilman,David; Several scales of biodiversity affect ecosystem multifunctionality; PNAS; 2013; 110 (25) 10219-10222; published ahead of print June 3, 2013; doi:10.1073/pnas.1220333110 2013 [Full Text] e120
de Mazancourt, Claire; Isbell, Forest; Larocque, Allen; Berendse, Frank; De Luca, Enrica; Grace, James B.; Haegeman, Bart; Wayne Polley, H.; Roscher,C hristiane; Predicting ecosystem stability from community composition and biodiversity; Ecol.Lett.; 2013, 16, 5, 617-625 2013 [Full Text] e120
Bakker, M. B.; Tu, Z. J.; Bradeen, J. M.; and Kinkel, L. L.; Implications of Pyrosequencing Error Correction for Biological Data Interpretation. Public Library of Science (PLoS ONE) 7(8): e44357. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044357. 2012 [Full Text] e120
Hawthorne, Peter Loken; Deterministic and stochastic forces in community ecology: integrating competing paradigms in theory and observation.; PhD Thesis University of Minnesota; Digital Conservancy Permanent URL http://purl.umn.edu/121704. 2012 [Full Text] e120
Tilman, D.; Reich, P. B.; Isbell, F.; Biodiversity impacts ecosystem productivity as much as resources, disturbance, or herbivory; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 2012; 109, 26, 10394-10397 2012 [Full Text] e001 e002 e003 e004 e012 e062 e098 e120 e141 e172