All Methods
Methods for Experiment 098 -
Burning LTER Plots
All of the burning done within LTER experiments at Cedar Creek Natural History Area are done in late April or early May. Burn permits are issued to Cedar Creek Natural History Area for this time, and the following areas within Cedar Creek, by the Department of Natural Resources (headquarters in Cambridge, MN). In all cases, several people are on hand to help contain the fire. Tools used are "flappers", shovels and hand-pumped, portable water spray-cans. Drip torches containing a mixture of 1/3 gasoline and 2/3 diesel are used to start the fires. A truck carrying a high pressure water sprayer hooked up to a 125 gallon tank of water is always nearby. After the fires are burned out, any remaining hotspots are extinguished or moved to the center of the burned area to insure the prevention of wildfires. 125 gallon water tank and Minnesota Warmer Co. model KW125-7-10 utility sprayer.
Burning Methods
In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of E002 in field B were chosen to be burned each spring. In preparation for burning, the perimeter of groups of plots to be burned is mowed using a lawn mower. The cuttings and litter remaining are raked into the area to be burned. This firebreak is then reinforced by wetting the cropped vegetation with a high pressure water hose attached to a 125 gallon water tank. A backfire is started to widen the firebreak. A drip torch is then used to start the groups of plots (one at a time) on fire. For a list of burn treatments for each plot, see file trmte98. On May 5, 1995, a wildfire burned all plots in experiment 98 in field B.
Field Operations: Burning
This experiment was established on top of E002 in field B. In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of E002 were chosen to be burned each spring. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte98.
Field Operations: Fertilization
Each plot gets the fertilizer mixture specified by its fertilizer treatment code. There are nine treatment levels, assigned numeric labels 1 to 9. This is also equivalent to the letters A through I respectively. Treatment levels A through H differ in the amount of NH4NO3 added. Treatment I is a true control and receives no nutrients. The nutrients are applied twice a year, once in early May and once in late June. Nutrients are given in g/m2 for each fertilization. 1 = 0g/m2/yr Ammonium Nitrate 2 = 3g/m2/yr 3 = 6g/m2/yr 4 = 10g/m2/yr 5 = 16g/m2/yr 6 = 28g/m2/yr 7 = 50g/m2/yr 8 = 80g/m2/yr 9 = 0g/m2/yr These rates are added twice a year. Actual annual N addition is calculated as: 0.34%N * rate (g/m2) * 2 times/year
Microplot Fertilization Treatments
Microplot Fertilization Treatments The "microplot" fertilization treatments are used in experiments 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 11, 23, 25, and 52. Experiments 5, 6, 28, 36,53,97, 98 and 100. Some changes and/or additions occur from year to year for some experiments. These changes are listed below. Unless specific experiments are mentioned, these differences apply to all experiments in a category. In 1982, 30ml of each stock solution was combined with 16.8g citric acid, brought to a total volume of 1 liter, and autoclaved to dissolve. 1.5ml of this solution was added to 30ml of silica sand, mixed and dried. In 1983, 60ml of each stock solution was combined with 25g of EDTA brought to 1 liter, and autoclaved to dissolve. 1ml of this solution was added to 10ml of sand and added to each plot. In 1984, 60ml of each stock solution was combined with 25g of citric acid and brought to 1 liter. In 1985, the first fertilization for experiments 1 and 2, Treatment F received an extra 23 g/m2 of CaCO3 Treatment G received an extra 118.5 g/m2 of CaCO3 Treatment H received an extra 132.5 g/m2 of CaCO3 In 1985, between fertilizations for experiments 1 and 2, Treatment G received 137.5 g/m2 of CaCO3 Treatment H received 206.25 g/m2 of CaCO3 In 1985, the second fertilization for experiments 1 and 2, Treatment F received an extra 23.0 g/m2 of CaCO3 Treatment G received an extra 252.7 g/m2 of CaCO3 Treatment H received an extra 441.1 g/m2 of CaCO3 In 1985, the first fertilization for experiment 4, Treatment E received no CaCO3 Treatment G received an extra 45.5 g/m2 of CaCO3 Treatment A to H receive the following base nutrients:
| Rate | Volume | Element | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 g/m2 | 150 ml | P2O5 (0-46-0) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 10 g/m2 | 150 ml | K2O (0-0-61) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 20 g/m2 | 200 ml | CaCO3 (lime) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 15m2 | 200 ml | MgSO4 (Epsom Salts) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 0.0625 ml/m2 | trace mineral solution in 1 ml to 10 ml sand | ||||||||||||||||||||
The trace mineral stock solutions are made by adding the following grams of reagent to 1000 ml of water: CuSO4*5H2O 9.8 g ZnSO4*7H2O 22.0 g or ZnCl2 10.5 g CoCl2*6H2O 10.0 g MnCl2*4H2O 180.0 g Na2MoO4*2H2O 6.3 g H3BO3 6.0 g The trace metal solution is made by combining 120ml of each stock solution, adding 67.2g of citric acid dissolved in deionized water and adding deionized water to bring the volume to a total of 2 liters. The working solution is then autoclaved to chelate the trace metals.
Sampling for E098
For sampling documentation see sampling for E002. 1992: E098 was sampled as part of E002. 1993: E098 was sampled as part of E002.
Treatment layout : trmte98
| Field Name | Experiment Number | Plot Number | Nitrogen Treatment | Burn Treatment | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | 98 | 1 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 2 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 3 | 8 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 4 | 6 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 5 | 9 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 6 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 7 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 8 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 9 | 7 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 10 | 5 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 11 | 5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 12 | 4 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 13 | 5 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 14 | 3 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 15 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 16 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 17 | 8 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 18 | 4 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 19 | 8 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 20 | 4 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 21 | 6 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 22 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 23 | 3 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 24 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 25 | 8 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 26 | 6 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 27 | 9 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 28 | 3 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 29 | 9 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 30 | 9 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 31 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 32 | 5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 33 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 34 | 9 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 35 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 36 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 37 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 38 | 8 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 39 | 8 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 40 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 41 | 5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 42 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 43 | 9 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 44 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 45 | 7 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 46 | 2 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 47 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 48 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 49 | 5 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 50 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 51 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 52 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 53 | 7 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| B | 98 | 54 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Post 1992 Burn treatment: 1 = Burned annually in the spring, 0 = Not burned