Cedar Creek
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Insects of Cedar Creek
Order DIPTERA
(Flies)
The Diptera is a large holometabolous Order with nearly 17000 described species representing 108 Families in North America. Nearly 700 species of Diptera have been collected at Cedar Creek. However, this number could easily double with serious collecting and the aid of specialists. Most seriously underrepresented are the Nematocera (esp. Chironomidae, Tipulidae, Cecidomyiidae) and the Calypterata (esp. Anthomyiidae, Muscidae, Tachinidae). A Phylogenetic Breakdown of this large Order with major Families in bold type precedes the Family List. All North American Families are listed. Those that are underlined have Minnesota representatives and an accompanying Narrative. Unless otherwise indicated, these families are also represented at CCESR.
McAlpine, Peterson, Shewell, Teskey, Vockeroth and Wood (1981, 1987). A Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vols 1 and 2. Biosystematics Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario
The Nematocera have many segmented antennae and are either midge-like
or gnat-like in form. Most Families are aquatic/semiaquatic scavengers
in organic ooze; though females of a notable few take blood as adults.
The Brachycera are generally robust, attractive, eminently collectible
flies with short 3-segmented antennaeand flesh-like pads between the tarsal
claws. Most are terrestrial and predaceous as larvae and adults.
The major Family in the Aschiza is the Syrphidae or Flower Flies.
Pipunculids (big-headed flies) and Phorids (coffin flies) also occur in
this Division.
The Acalypterata consists of many Families of generally tiny
flies that retain some character while lacking a calypter (lobe at the
base of the wing). Larvae are generally scavengers in organics, but
some are phytophagous and a few are predaceous.
The Calypterata are your larger, but generally non-descript
flies: Blowflies, Flesh Flies, House Flies, Tachinid Flies. Foods
are various ranging from carrion, dung, rot organics, live plants/fruit,
living arthropods and vertebrates.
SubOrder NEMATOCERA (Families 1-24)
Tanyderidae, Tipulidae
Bibionidae, Mycetophilidae,
Sciaridae,
Cecidomyiidae
Psychodidae, Trichoceridae,
Anisopodidae, Scatopsidae
Ptychopteridae
Dixidae, Chaoboridae, Culicidae,
Simuliidae,
Ceratopogonidae,
Chironomidae
SubOrder BRACHYCERA (Families 25-43)
Tabanidae, Rhagionidae
Xylophagidae, Xylomyidae,
Stratiomyidae
Therevidae, Scenopinidae,
Mydidae, Asilidae
Acroceridae, Nemestrinidae,
Bombyliidae
Empididae, Dolichopodidae
InfraOrder MUSCOMORPHA ASCHIZA (Families 44-48)
Lonchopteridae
Platypezidae, Phoridae
Syrphidae, Pipunculidae
Infraorder SCHIZOPHORA ACALYPTRATAE (Families 49-97)
Conopidae
Micropezidae
Tanypezidae, Psilidae, Diopsidae
Lonchaeidae, Otitidae,
Platystomatidae,
Tephritidae,
Piophilidae
Agromyzidae, Anthomyzidae,
Milichiidae
Dryomyzidae, Sciomyzidae,
Sepsidae
Lauxaniidae, Chamaemyiidae
Heleomyzidae, Sphaeroceridae
Drosophilidae, Ephydridae,
Chloropidae
Infraorder SCHIZOPHORA CALYPTRATE (Families 98-108)
Scatophagidae, Anthomyiidae,
Muscidae
Calliphoridae, Oestridae,
Sarcophagidae,
Tachinidae
Hippoboscidae, Nycteribiidae,
Streblidae
| 1. | Family TANYDERIDAE | Primitive Crane Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 2. | Family TIPULIDAE | Crane Flies | |
| 3. | Family BLEPHARICERIDAE | Net-winged Midges | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 4. | Family DEUTEROPHLEBIIDAE | Mountain Midges | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 5. | Family NYMPHOMYIIDAE | Nymphomyiid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 6. | Family AXYMYIIDAE | Axymyiid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 7. | Family PACHYNEURIDAE | Pachyneurid Gnats | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 8. | Family BIBIONIDAE | March Flies | |
| 9. | Family MYCETOPHILIDAE | Fungus Gnats | |
| 10. | Family SCIARIDAE | Dark-winged Fungus Gnats | |
| 11. | Family CECIDOMYIIDAE | Gall Midges | |
| 12. | Family PSYCHODIDAE | Moth/Sand Flies | |
| 13. | Family TRICHOCERIDAE | Winter Crane Flies | |
| 14. | Family ANISOPODIDAE | Wood Gnats | |
| 15. | Family SCATOPSIDAE | Minute Black Scavenger Flies | |
| 16. | Family SYNNEURIDAE | Synneurid Gnats | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 17. | Family PTYCHOPTERIDAE | Phantom Crane Flies | |
| 18. | Family DIXIDAE | Dixid Midges | |
| 19. | Family CHAOBORIDAE | Phantom Midges | |
| 20. | Family CULICIDAE | Mosquitoes | |
| 21. | Family THAUMALEIDAE | Solitary Midges | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 22. | Family SIMULIIDAE | Black Flies | |
| 23. | Family CERATOPOGONIDAE | Biting Midges | |
| 24. | Family CHIRONOMIDAE | True Midges | |
| 25. | Family PELECORHYNCHIDAE | Pelecorhynchid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 26. | Family TABANIDAE | Horse and Deer Flies | |
| 27. | Family ATHERICIDAE | Athericid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 28. | Family RHAGIONIDAE | Snipe Flies | |
| 29. | Family XYLOPHAGIDAE | Xylophagid Flies | |
| 30. | Family XYLOMYIDAE | Xylomyid Flies | |
| 31. | Family STRATIOMYIDAE | Soidier Flies | |
| 32. | Family THEREVIDAE | Stiletto Flies | |
| 33. | Family SCENOPINIDAE | Window Flies | |
| 34. | Family VERMILEONIDAE | Vermileonid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 35. | Family MYDIDAE | Mydas Flies | |
| 36. | Family APIOCERIDAE | Flower-loving Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 37. | Family ASILIDAE | Robber Flies | |
| 38. | Family ACROCERIDAE | Small-headed Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 39. | Family NEMESTRINIDAE | Tangle-veined Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 40. | Family BOMBYLIIDAE | Bee Flies | |
| 41. | Family HILARIMORPHIDAE | Hilarimorphid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 42. | Family EMPIDIDAE | Dance Flies | |
| 43. | Family DOLICHOPODIDAE | Long-legged Flies | |
| 44. | Family LONCHOPTERIDAE | Spear-winged Flies | |
| 45. | Family PLATYPEZIDAE | Flat-footed Flies | |
| 46. | Family PHORIDAE | Humpbacked Flies | |
| 47. | Family SYRPHIDAE | Hover Flies | |
| 48. | Family PIPUNCULIDAE | Big-headed Flies | |
| 49. | Family CONOPIDAE | Thick-headed Flies | |
| 50. | Family CYPELOSOMATIDAE | Cypelosomatid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 51. | Family MICROPEZIDAE | Stilt-legged Flies | |
| 52. | Family NERIIDAE | Cactus Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 53. | Family TANYPEZIDAE | Tanypezid Flies | |
| 54. | Family STRONGYLOPHTHALMYIIDAE | Strongylophthalmyid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 55. | Family PSILIDAE | Rust Flies | |
| 56. | Family DIOPSIDAE | Stalk-eyed Flies | |
| 57. | Family LONCHAEIDAE | Lonchaeid Flies | |
| 58. | Family OTITIDAE | Picture-winged Flies | |
| 59. | Family PLATYSTOMATIDAE | Platystomatid Flies | |
| 60. | Family PYRGOTIDAE | Light Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 61. | Family TEPHRITIDAE | Fruit Flies | |
| 62. | Family RICHARDIIDAE | Richardiid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 63. | Family PALLOPTERIDAE | Pallopterid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 64. | Family PIOPHILIDAE | Skipper Flies | |
| 65. | Family CLUSIIDAE | Clusiid Flies | |
| 66. | Family ACARTOPHTHALMIDAE | Acartophthalmid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 67. | Family ODINIIDAE | Odiniid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 68. | Family AGROMYZIDAE | Leaf Miner Flies | |
| 69. | Family OPOMYZIDAE | Opomyzid Flies | |
| 70. | Family ANTHOMYZIDAE | Anthomyzid Flies | |
| 71. | Family AULACIGASTRIDAE | Aulacigastrid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 72. | Family PERISCELIDIDAE | Periscelidid Fllies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 73. | Family ASTEIIDAE | Asteiid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 74. | Family MILICHIIDAE | Milichiid Flies | |
| 75. | Family CARNIDAE | Carnid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 76. | Family BRAULIDAE | Bee Louse Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 77. | Family COELOPIDAE | Seaweed Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 78. | Family DRYOMYZIDAE | Dryomyzid Flies | |
| 79. | Family SCIOMYZIDAE | Marsh Flies | |
| 80. | Family ROPALOMERIDAE | Ropalomerid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 81. | Family SEPSIDAE | Sepsid Flies | |
| 82. | Family LAUXANIIDAE | Lauxaniid Flies | |
| 83. | Family CHAMAEMYIIDAE | Aphid Flies | |
| 84. | Family HELEOMYZIDAE | Heleomyzid Flies | |
| 85. | Family TRIXOSCELIDIDAE | Trixoscelidid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 86. | Family CHYROMYIDAE | Chyromyid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 87. | Family RHINOTORIDAE | Rhinotorid Fllies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 88. | Family SPHAEROCERIDAE | Small Dung Flies | |
| 89. | Family CURTONOTIDAE | Curtonotid Flies | |
| 90. | Family DROSOPHILIDAE | Pomace Flies | |
| 91. | Family DIASTATIDAE | Diastatid Flies | |
| 92. | Family CAMILLIDAE | Camillid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 93. | Family EPHYDRIDAE | Shore Flies | |
| 94. | Family CHLOROPIDAE | Grass Flies | |
| 95. | Family CRYPTOCHETIDAE | Cryptochetid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota) |
| 96. | Family TETHINIDAE | Tethinid Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 97. | Family CANACIDAE | Beach Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 98. | Family SCATOPHAGIDAE | Dung Flies | |
| 99. | Family ANTHOMYIIDAE | Anthomyiid Flies | |
| 100. | Family MUSCIDAE | Muscid Flies | |
| 101. | Family CALLIPHORIDAE | Blow Flies | |
| 102. | Family OESTRIDAE | Bot and Warble Flies | |
| 103. | Family SARCOPHAGIDAE | Flesh Flies | |
| 104. | Family RHINOPHORIDAE | Rhinophorid Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 105. | Family TACHINIDAE | Tachinid Flies | |
| 106. | Family HIPPOBOSCIDAE | Louse Flies | (Not described at CCESR) |
| 107. | Family NYCTERIBIIDAE | Wingless Bat Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| 108. | Family STREBLIDAE | Bat Flies | (Not found in Minnesota?) |
| webmaster@cedarcreek.umn.edu | Last updated May, 2000 |