This experiment was conducted in old field A in a portion of the field that was 7 years old. The area was fenced to keep out above and below ground mammalian herbivores. Thirty-six 2m x 2m plots were set up. Plots were: (i)roto-tilled (ii) burned, or (iii) left unmanipulated as a control. Each treatment was replicated 12 times and randomly placed in the grid. Three seed addition treatments were: (i) Andropogon gerardi added (ii) Schizachyrium scoparium added, and (iii) no seeds added. The seeds were watered for three minutes after being applied, to help them get into the soil. The three ground preparation treatments and the three seed addition treatments were arranged in a factorial design. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte58.