During May 18-19, the length of each tiller of Agropyron and Poa was measured from its base to the tip of the longest leaf. This information was used to calculate total tiller length, tiller number, and mean tiller length for each individual. Because of difficulty in distinguishing individual tillers of Schizachyrium seedlings, leaf number was recorded for this species. The above and below-ground biomass of 50 seedlings of each species was measured and tested for correlation with size measurements.

Tiller number, total tiller length, and flowering stem number of transplants were recorded during September 5-9, 1988. The above-ground parts of transplants were harvested during September 12-16, dried to constant mass, and weighed.

Survivorship was determined as the proportion of each species in each competition treatment in each plot that survived from planting to harvest. The proportion of flowering individuals of Schizachyrium was recorded. All above-ground plant material within 15cm of each transplant ("neighbor biomass") was harvested after the transplant had been harvested. Neighbor biomass was harvested during September 12-23, 1988, dried to constant mass and weighed. One sample from each competition treatment in each plot was separated into live standing crop and litter before weighing. The mean proportion of live neighbor biomass in each competition treatment at each nitrogen level was used to estimate live neighbor biomass in each subplot. Root biomass was measured in soil cores taken 10cm from each transplant during September 12-23. Cores were sieved through a 2mm mesh to remove sand and then washed, dried and weighed.